View “Quantum Rain” for the first time

According to RCO News Agency, A team of European researchers have observed spontaneous formation in an super -diluted quantum gas, which is caused by surface tension, similar to those created in classic fluids.

Surface tension is not limited to ordinary liquids. It can also convert ultra -cold atomic gases into quantum droplets.

This is a rare phenomenon because quantum gases are millions of times less than density liquids and usually lack the surface tension needed to hold droplets together. The formation of quantum droplets indicates that something very unusual in such a density occurs.

These findings can pave the way for new ways to control and manipulate quantum material and help develop new materials and quantum technologies.

Familiarity with the principles of surface tension

Before deepening in the observations made by the researchers, we must first understand three interconnected concepts.

The first is the surface tension that is a coherent force on the liquid surface that kills the molecules. This is because the molecules at the surface are highly absorbed to each other.

As a result, the liquid takes shapes like droplets to minimize its surface. This phenomenon is responsible for the formation of dew droplets, soap bubbles and rain droplets.

In some cases, surface tension leads to capillary instability, disruption to liquid columns, which eventually forces them to divide them into separate droplets and reduce surface energy.

The known form of capillary instability is “Plato-Rayleigh”. This concept was presented in year 6 and explains how a liquid cylindrical stream becomes unstable due to surface tension and is divided into droplets.

This phenomenon is usually observed in water flows that become droplets when falling. A daily example of this stream is the thin flow of water from the faucet that converts to droplets when falling.

All three phenomena are usually found in classic liquids, but the authors showed their study in the ultra -cold mixture of potassium and rhobidium atoms. This is probably the first time that a nuclear gas has shown such behavior.

A Miracle Incorporation Inspection In a Quantum Gas

The authors of the study observed that when an super -diluted quantum gas (potassium and rhubidium atomic mixture) remained nearly zero, it remained in the gas phase, but at the same time showed liquid properties and formed a single quantum drop.

Then the drop was placed in a laser pathway; Where it was drawn to a thin line. This long quantum drop became unstable when it was stretched for more than a critical length and turned into smaller droplets.

The authors of the study, using numerical simulations and some experiments, examined this process in great detail and found some of the capillary instability in action. They found that failure had happened in a way similar to the “Plato-Riley instability” classic liquids.

Chiara Fort, a writer and physicist at the University of Florence, said: “While” Plato-Riley instability “is well known in classic liquids and was also found in the cloud helicopter, it was never seen in atomic gases before.

Researchers claim that their measurements not only deepen the understanding of this unusual fluid phase, but also show the potential to create quantum droplets that can be useful in future technologies such as advanced quantum sensors and simulators.

This study is published in the journal Physical Review Letters.

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