Are the artificial intelligence savior of new employees or a ladder of progressive ladder?

Artificial intelligence can reduce the gap in some of the jobs of professional and beginner. But how?

February 4 and 5, technology giant executives competed at a meeting in Paris to make the biggest claim about artificial intelligence. “Artificial intelligence will be the deepest evolution of our lives,” said Google CEO Sundar Pichai. Dario Amoudi, CEO of Anthropic Company, claimed the technology is making “the biggest change in the world labor market in human history”. Sam Altman, CEO of Openai, wrote in a blog post: “Perhaps the next decade, every person on earth can be more successful today.”

Mr. Altman’s prediction is based on an accepted view. Early in the 1980s, when large language models became popular, economists and managers hoped these models and other artificial intelligence tools would be able to make the work environment equal and the most profitable people whose skills are lower than other people. Software that can perform tasks such as proteins and poetry is undoubtedly allowing everyone to take advantage of opportunities. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang has imagined a future in which “we will all be the CEO of artificial intelligence agents.”

Can artificial intelligence really make your career progress?

Recent findings have been questioned by the view that (artificial intelligence can reduce the distance between skilled and novice employees). These findings show a future in which more successful people continue to progress and others are lagging behind. Evidence suggests that people who have more skill in doing complex tasks such as research and management can better benefit from artificial intelligence abilities (see table). Evaluation of the output of artificial intelligence models requires proper expertise and judgment. Artificial intelligence seems to increase labor gaps instead of reducing inequality; Just like the increase in inequalities caused by the creation of past revolutionary technologies.

How does artificial intelligence eliminate people from job competition?

The argument that puts artificial intelligence as a factor is based on research that shows that the technology improves the result of inexperienced people. A study conducted by Erik Brynjolfsson of Stanford University and Lindsey Raymond of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showed that artificial intelligence tools have increased their new customer support and customer support to 5 %. In contrast, experienced people did not see a particular miracle of artificial intelligence; Because artificial intelligence enabled the methods they used to use before. The findings showed that the technology could reduce gaps by transferring the best talented employees to less skilled employees.

Similar results were found in research related to the role of artificial intelligence in reducing the gap between skilled and new people in other knowledge -based duties. A study conducted by Shakked Nooy and Whitney Zhang, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), showed that when the authors used ChatGPT, OpenAI chats, the authors used the most quality of their work to draft material statements and reports. Many of the not -so -skilled writers saw the quality of their work by using unpublished artificial intelligence output, indicating AI’s ability to improve the initial performance level. Jonathan Choi of the University of South California and his colleagues also found that general artificial intelligence tools improve the quality of legal work, such as drafting contracts; Especially for legal students who were less skilled.

The problem is that the advantage raised has been overshadowed by another influential factor; A job can be considered a set of tasks that technology may make them look like commercial goods or improves; For example, AI technology has a strengthening role for air traffic controllers; Because it processes flight data, it makes decisions to humans and retains high wages. In contrast, self -payment systems make the cashier’s tasks simple and automatically calculate the rest of the money, making simple cashier unemployed or drastically reducing their wages.

In spite of initial optimism, the future of people working in customer service centers or other not -so -skilled people may be similar to the future of funds; Automation created thanks to artificial intelligence capabilities make repetitive tasks unnecessary. According to the estimation of Amit Zaving of Servicenow, which is active in commercial software, more than 5 % of the company’s customer service activities no longer need human intervention. With the progress of artificial intelligence, this figure is likely to increase, and more people in customer service centers lose their jobs and only a few remain to manage the most complex conditions and situations. The AI ​​may first increase productivity, but in the long run leads to commodity of skills and tasks.

Unlike previous automation streams that replaced ordinary jobs such as work on production and accounting with robots, it may also make people’s artificial intelligence unemployed in non -captive and creative jobs. This technology can implicit patterns and foresee things without explicit instructions; It may even be able to write entertaining screenplays in the future and design useful products. At present, it seems that in industries that are highly wages, the top employees are most vulnerable to automation. Currently, in the law firm, A & O Shearman, artificial intelligence tools have a major part of routine work done by legal colleagues or assistants. The company’s software can analyze the contracts and compare them with past transactions and make corrective offers in less than 5 seconds. David Wakeling, head of the company’s artificial intelligence department, says those who have superior performance have made the best use of the technology to make strategic decisions.

The transformation in recent economic research has confirmed these results. Initial studies showed that people with weaker performance could only benefit by copying artificial intelligence outputs, but newer research has done more sophisticated tasks such as scientific research, business department and money investment. In these areas, more efficient people benefit much more than their low -key counterparts. In some cases, low -income people are not just progress, but they even regain.

One of the interesting examples of this issue is Aidan Toner-Rodgers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which has found that using AI to help discover the material has doubled the productivity of top researchers but has had no effect on their two-thirds performance. This software allows researchers to identify the characteristics they want and produce their suggested materials that may have these features. Elite scientists, who are highly specialized in this area, could identify promising offers and eliminate inappropriate cases with the help of AI. In contrast, researchers who were less efficient have had trouble identifying useful outputs of irrelevant cases (see Figure 1).

Similar results have been observed in other areas. Nicholas Otis and his colleagues from the University of California found that stronger entrepreneurs in Kenya have increased their profit by more than 5 % with the help of artificial intelligence assistant, but the profits of the weaker entrepreneurs have declined. This is due to the differences in their use of artificial intelligence recommendations. Beginners and low -cost people have followed public recommendations such as increasing advertising, but high -profile and efficient people have used artificial intelligence to find proprietary solutions, such as providing new power generation sources during power outages. (See Chart 1).

Alex Kim from the University of Chicago and his colleagues conducted a financial decision -making experiment in which participants used artificial intelligence to analyze the text of telephone conversations about revenue reports and then invest $ 5 in a simulated basket. With the help of artificial intelligence, experienced investors achieved more efficiency; While inexperienced investors profit only 5 %. Professional investors were able to gain better insights and information about income conversations; Information including information on research and development costs, stock redemption and operational interest before depreciation and taxation.

With the evolution of jobs affected by artificial intelligence, new tasks are emerging. According to Rajan of Atlasian, Atlasian, an active software company, artificial intelligence tools freely free the engineers each week and give them the opportunity to focus on creative work. Running lawyers also spend less time on their routine and more with customers.

One of the executives of the big investment company about using AI says:

Very intelligent people who may be tired of analyzing repetitive financial reports make the most of the benefit. Strengthening mental strength in finding creative ways to use artificial intelligence in the short term will be the most reward.

The basic tasks in the industries are automated, and this gives young employees the opportunity to get into advanced work sooner.

The labor markets have always been defined by destroying old roles and creating new roles. According to the estimation of David Autor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), about 2 % of the jobs in the US in Year 2 were not at all. The “Aircraft Design” job was added to the job list in the 1980s and the “Conference Planning” was created in the 1980s, but who will take on new jobs created with the advent of artificial intelligence?

History has shown that technological developments are in favor of skilled people. In the Industrial Revolution, the wages of engineers who dominated the new machinery increased significantly, but simple workers were harmed. The computer age was in favor of software engineers and marginalized the typists. It seems that we will see this in the future of the artificial intelligence revolution, and this technology is useful for people with the ability to judge, agility and expertise needed to work in complex and full -time environments.

In addition, today’s artificial intelligence tools are just prototypes of AI achievements. As the technology becomes more complicated, the semi -automatic factors may be able to transform the workplaces from the way Mr Huang has predicted. This transformation may turn any worker to the CEO, just as Nvidia’s CEO predicts, but that will not mean public equality; More talented people will continue to be the best CEOs.