What is the Improvement of Pectra Ethereum? PECTRA update check

Pictra upgrade is a new update to the Ethereum Network, which is to implement staging and currency harvesting, credit meters, fees, fees, and scalability by implementing EPI. In this article, we examine the pectra’s upgrade improvements and their impact on users, accreditation and ethereum developers.

What is an Ethereum Pectra upgrades?

Pactra (PECTRA) The latest is the latest update, which was finally implemented on the main network on May 5 (May 1, 2008). This update is a combination of two updates including the Prague Layer Hardfolk and the Electra consensus layer upgrades.

Pactra upgrades will be implemented on the Ethereum network, which improves user experience, increased sticker restriction, better participation in network security, increased transaction speed and more efficiency.

Read more: What is Ethereum

EIPs and Key Features Promotion Pactra

In the Pactra update, 2 EIP proposals have been implemented. The set of these proposals is set to bring five general improvements to Ethereum:

• Credit meters can steak any amount of ethereum between 1 and 2 units. This change not only affects how the rewards are received, but also makes it easier to manage credit meters.
• New mechanisms allow individuals to exit or deposit steaks directly through the run layer. This reduces the delay and complexity of the processes.
• Conventional accounts such as the Ethereum wallet can temporarily run the Smart Contract logic in a transaction.
• With new tools, developers can design innovative and low -costly decentralized programs.
• Introducing an integrated framework for moving requests between the executable layer and the consensus layer increases the productivity of the network.

You can read the full list of these proposals and more technical details by visiting the eip.ethereum.org site. The current problems of the network and the solutions that these recovery proposals offer for Ethereum include:

1. Smart accounts and account abstraction

Account Abstraction is a concept in China’s blockchain technology that allows users to use smart contracts as a personal account. That is, instead of having a regular account (EOA) or EOA, users can write flexible rules for managing their wallets and have a smart account.

Read more: What is a smart contract

EIP-1-Set the EOA Account Code (Set EOA Account Code)

The EIP-7702 Recovery Proposal is a step towards the abstraction of the account and allows ordinary accounts to implement the logic of intelligent contracts temporarily. With this update, the gap between EOA accounts and smart contract wallets will reduce and create a better user experience.

• The problem: Traditional EOA accounts only have the ability to sign a simple transaction and cannot execute code.
• The solution: EIP7702 introduces a new transaction that, during a transaction, temporarily allocates the code of a smart contract to the EOA account.
• Advantage: Advanced capabilities such as transaction balance, sponsorship provides Gas Sponsorship by third parties and delegation to enable account abstraction.

Read more: What is a smart contract wallet

2. Upgrading the Waliditors and sticker operations

Four proposals have been included in the Pactra update to improve sticker operations and credit meters:

EIP-1-Increase Increase The Max_Effictive_Baxce)

• The problemA: Ethereum validation is limited to stepping on 4 units of ether, which reduces network flexibility and free activity.
• The solution: The EIP7251 project increases the effective inventory ceiling of the Validitors from 1 to 2 of the ether units and allows each amount to steak in this interval. As a result, the need to set up and manage several ninety credit meters is reduced.
• Advantage: Low -capitalist people get a gradual reward for their extra furniture, and larger operators can raise their capital in one place and manage them more easily. Less numbers of Waliditors mean less signature processing per EPOCH, which reduces pressure on the consensus system and increase network performance.

EIP-1-Exit Layer Triggerable Exits)

• The problemA: Exit sticing and harvesting through two keys called the Credit Meter Key and the Harvest Key. Now, if the key to the Waliditor and the harvest key is in the hands of different people or the key to the Waliditor is lost, the harvest is difficult.
• The solution: The EIP7002 adds a new contract to the Ethereum execution layer that allows the Validitors to exit the sticker with the harvest key.
• AdvantageA: Simplily exit process and reduces dependence on the active infrastructure of the Waliditor.

EIP-1-Add Waliditor Deposits to the Chain (Supply Validator Deposits on Chain)

• The problem: Credit deposits rely on voting in the Consensus Layer and before that data must be introduced in the executable layer. This delays the activation time of the Waliditors for up to 4 hours and adds complexity to the network because of the difference in the implementation of the APIs and the need for external data.
• The solution: EIP6110 in promoting pectra Ethereum completely transfers the process processing process to the executable layer and deposits are recorded directly in the structure of the blocks.
• Advantage: Faster activation of credit meters from about 2 hours to 5 minutes and reduces the complexity of the client software by removing voting.

1. Reduction

In promoting Pectra, three proposals together improve the storing and processing of the intravenous data on ethereum and encourage the use of Blob on Calldita: Calldat:

• Blab in Ethereum is a type of data designed to store temporary and inexpensive information on second -layer technology solutions (Layer2).
• Caldita is also a type of data that is sent along with the transaction and allows sending a message to other entities or interacting with smart contracts.

EIP-1-Increase Caldita Cost (Increase Calldata Cost)

• The problem: Before promoting Denkan and introducing a new data structure called Blab, the second layers used Caldita to have permanent data storage in the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), which had low productivity.
• The solution: EIP7623 With the increase in the cost of using Calditas, the EIP7623 intends to encourage the second layers developers to use the full use of bolds.
• Advantage: Increase data storage and reduce transaction costs in the Ethereum network.

Read more: What is the second layer of Ethereum

EIP-1-Increase Operational Power (Blob Throughput Increase)

• The problemA: The limitations of the number of bubbles may soon become an obstacle to network scalability.
• The solution: EIP7691 doubles data transfer capacity by increasing the number of targets per block from 1 to 2 and increasing its ceiling from 1 to 2. This will save and process rolls more effectively.
• Advantage: Increase network scalability and reduce transaction costs.

EIP-1-Adding Blab Schedule to Ethereum Layer Configuration Files

• The problemA: The dynamic adjustment of the parameters related to the bold and requires a more flexible way of management.
• The solution: EIP7840 allows the definition of configuration parameters to the number of targets and ceilings in the configuration of the clients.
• AdvantageA: By simplifying network settings, it creates a space with more predictable fees for transactions.

1. Improves speed, encryption and scalability

To increase speed, scalability and network security (Network Security), several proposals have been put in place to upgrade the Ethereum pectra, including:

EIP-1-Predictory for Bls12-381 curve operation

• The problemA: BLS signature validation and zero -knowledge proofs in Ethereum smart contracts are very costly and consumes a lot of money.
• The solution: EIP2537 adds a native pre-filled function to the network for operations on the BLS12-381 encryption curve.
• AdvantageA significant reduction in the cost of racing in multiple signature validation and evaluation of proofs that lead to better performance and more efficiency in the use of complex intelligent contracts.

Read more: What is the multiple signature

EIP-1-Save Historical Historical Historical Blocks in the State

• The problem: Blockhash command allows only the last 2 blocks (about 2 minutes). This restriction makes it difficult to access historical data for smart contracts and rolls.
• The solution: EIP2359 saves up to 2 hash blocks (approximately 1.5 hours) in the storage space of a system without making a change in the current Blockhash command behavior.
• Advantage: Rolls and intermediate applications can access past hash blocks directly without the need for extrovert resources or data from abroad.

Read more: What is Block? Block structure and application in China Block

EIP-1-General Purpose Execution Layer Requests

• The problem: Ethereum lacks a standard mechanism for managing intermediate interactions between the execution layer and the consensus layer. Operations such as depositing, harvesting, and aggregation of Waliditors all follow different processes that lead to network inefficiency.
• The solution: EIP7685, by introducing a general framework, enables direct and integrated connection between the execution layer and the consensus layer.
• AdvantageA: By standardizing and simplifying intermediate processes, this structure improves the performance of sticker operations and eliminates inefficiency. Also, for the first time, smart contracts can interact directly with the consensus layer.

EIP-1-Improvement of Credit Materials

• The problemA: consensus on the network has created inefficiencies due to complex rules of validation voting.
• The solution: EIP7549 by reducing network congestion, optimizing the consensus process.
• Advantage: Improving the efficiency of the Waliditors’ clients and increasing the voting capacity in blocks without increasing the size of the block helps to improve the scalability of the network.

Why is it important to upgrade the pectra?

Over the past two years, Ethereum 2 has gone through the Great Hardfork:

• Merge, which completed the migration from the proof of the work to the stock (POS).
• Shapella, a combination of two upgrades named Shanghai and Capella, activated the ability to sticker validation.
• Dencun, a combination of two updates called Cancen and Denb, introduced the EIP-4844 to introduce BLOB transactions, reducing the cost of rolls and improving the overall strategy of ethereum scalability.

The Pectra upgrade, based on Denkan update, is now intended to optimize sticker operations, inter -layer communication and data access mechanisms. This upgrades overall improves productivity, reduces fees, and operating the main chain.

Impact of Pactra’s Impact on Ethereum Network

As we have noticed so far, the EIPs introduced in the Pactra update have a huge impact on network performance. In this section, we examine the improvements of this ethereum upgrade in a more detailed way.

Improvement of scalability

Increasing block data transfer capacity in EIP7691 and increasing the cost of using Caldita in EIP7623 encourages developers to reserve -based storage, which results in improving scalability and reducing costs.

Read more: What is scalability in China’s block

Reduce transaction cost

Using the EIP7691 and increasing the capacity of the lab, there will be more space for lower cost data storage. Therefore, pectra atrium upgrade reduces the cost of transactions in second -layer solutions, such as optimistic and ZK.

Introducing smart accounts, account abstraction and improvement of wallet user experience

With the introduction of the EIP7702, ordinary accounts can act like a smart contract. This means that after the currency wallet supports the pectra update, you can use your normal wallet for various operations such as transactions and sponsorships. In this case, you may not need to pay the fee.

In addition, implementing the concept of account abstraction is also possible to pay for transactions with other tokens except Ethereum such as USDC and Dai (DAI). This will greatly improve the user experience in the Ethereum wallet.

Read more: the best Ethereum wallet

Improve sticker and validate activity

The four proposals we introduced each have a significant impact on sticker operations and how to work with Waliditors:

• The EIP3 increases the sticker ceiling from 2 units to 5 units and eliminates the need for different nodes management.
• The EIP2 makes it easier to harvest steak ethereums.
• The EIP2 takes the time to activate the validation from 2 hours to 5 minutes.
• The EIP2 improves the performance of their clients by improving the validation voting.

Impact on developers

The EIPs introduced in the upgrade of the Ethereum pectra have the most impact on developers. These plans make it easier to develop decentralized programs on the network and reduce costs that will benefit both developers and users.

Advantages and disadvantages (challenges) promotion of pectra

The benefits of upgrading the pectra of Ethereum can be summarized as follows:

• Higher productivity: Due to faster activation of validation and smoother interaction with smart contracts.
• Better user experience: Smart accounts provide support for sponsorships and easier management process management.
• More scalabilityA: Because of the better processing process and encryption improvements to achieve a high -performance blockchain.
• Lower feeA: Due to increased data storage and reduced overall transaction costs in the Ethereum network.

However, this promotion also faces challenges, including:

• Technical problems of tests and delayA: Problems in the testing of Holasky and Sepolia (Sepolia) delayed the launch time taken for March 1 (March 1).
• Security concerns: Security experts have said that smart account capability gives the attackers the opportunity to control user accounts without the need to verify endo -savvy transactions and through the signature messages outside the chain.
• Lack of standardization in licenses and interactionsA: According to some developers, the lack of standard in new features related to decentralized applications can lead to incompatible experiences between wallets and confuses users.
• The limited impact of upgrading on the price of Ethereum and the competition of other Chinese blocks: In some believe that Ethereum is more backward in terms of scalability and transaction costs than competitors such as Solana and Bennbul, and pectra upgrade has not had a significant impact on the price of ethereum.

How does a pectra upgrade on the future of Ethereum?

Although some of the pectra promotion improvements immediately show their impact, this update has been done to provide infrastructure for long -term Ethereum growth. With increasing network scalability and productivity, this upgrade will prepare Ethereum for a future in which more people and businesses will use it.

Ethereum in the future plans to introduce trees (Verkle Tree); A powerful data storage structure that greatly reduces the need for nodes storage and almost makes sync. This structure will replace the current “Merkle Patricia Trie”.

Frequently asked questions

Conclusion

Pictra is one of the largest ethereal updates implemented in terms of the number of EIP projects, including many benefits, including reducing fees, improved scalability, improving sticker and stepped uptakes, improving user experience when working with currency wallets and overall increased network productivity.

In this article, we examined this upgrades from different aspects and took a look at its benefits and challenges. In the long run, this important update will affect the future of Ethereum and its digital currency price, ether.