Investigating the Unknown Foundation between Light and Astronomy at Tehran University – | Iranian and world news

Arezu Aqarloo, a masters student at the University of Tehran Science History Research Institute in a research entitled “The Science of Landscapes in Description Correction, Translation and Research by Hanif Qalandari has shown that attention to the works of Ibn Haitham, the great scientist of the fifth century AH/11th, was not diminished in the later Islamic period, and there was evidence of careful reading and use of his works.

Qalandari, a professor of this thesis, said about this research: “The light (or the science of the landscape) in the classification of the Islamic sciences, following the Greek past, is one of the sub -branches of mathematics in which two main views of the Prophet (PBUH) were to see: They knew. Ibn Haitham, one of the most famous scholars of the Islamic era, has pointed to the importance of studying light in his book Al -Munar. Therefore, he is considered the first person to associate with the study of the characteristics of light. The works of Ibn Haitham, according to many evidences, have not been very effective among Islamic scholars, and historical evidence shows that a few Muslims have read and found its content, but the results of this thesis show that Ibn Hub ibn al -Ma’am al -Ma’am al -Ma’ad al -Ma’am al -Islami

“The importance of this research is that the discovery of the relationship between the works of past scientists is one of the main tasks of historians of science,” said a member of the Faculty of History of the University of Tehran. This is very difficult, because in the past writings there is no specific reference system and it is not easy to find these communications. The present thesis has been able to show how scholars of different centuries have been linked to each other at a single topic. In this study, the connection between a fifth -century scientist (Ibn al -Hisham), an eighth -century scientist (Kamaluddin Persian) and a ninth -century scientist (Fatahullah Sherwani) has been discovered and analyzed; A link that is formed around the relationship between light and astronomy. “

“The main issue of the thesis is to review part of the treatise on Sherwani,” Qalandari added. He has left a work that is in many ways different from other reasons. The importance of Sherwani’s treatise is that he has devoted an independent part to the discussion of photography and has shown that optical topics can play a key role in understanding and analyzing astronomical phenomena. Such an attitude was previously less common in astronomical texts, and the same characteristic of the treatise has made it a privileged source in the history of science. What distinguishes this astronomical work from its similar works is that in this book a separate chapter on the relation of photography and astronomy. Sherwani believes things are said in the science of landscapes that the observer astronomer does not need to know. There is no mention of optical tools here, but the author talks about astronomical phenomena that have optical justification and are effective in observation results. The most important issue that the author of this dissertation seeks to clarify is the greater the moon and the sun on the horizon. This question has been raised since the Greek era, and Ptolemy (the second century AD), the most important source of astronomical writings in the Middle Ages, was attributed to the phenomenon of vapor in the layers near the horizon, but there were serious forms in the explanation: Ibn Hahithm and a number of Islamic scholars paid attention to this forms, but they did not discuss it in astronomical texts. Sherwani’s innovation was to regularly collect these topics and examine different arguments in an independent chapter, criticize them, and reveal the strengths and weaknesses of each. Also, this thesis has made it clear that Sherwani was in a scientific tradition that tried to bring the boundary between the delegation and the photology and consider them as a complementary science. “

Referring to the results of the study, he said, “The study also shows that Sherwani has chosen a wider and more coherent approach. He has not only examined the issue of being larger in the horizon, but also analyzing other optical topics related to the board. Hence, his dissertation can be considered the most detailed description of the illumination. “

In the end, Qalandari described this thesis as important in terms of the history of science and said: “Reconstruction of the true position of Ibn al -Hussein in the late Islamic scientific tradition; Discluding the role of Iranian-Islamic scholars such as Sherwani in transmitting and expanding optical topics The detailed analysis of a handwritten text that is first thoroughly reviewed; Discovering the relationship between the works of scientists of different centuries (fifth, eighth and ninth AH) and showing the link between photology and astronomy, and ultimately paying attention to the link between the various branches of science in the period when the division of science was still flexible, is one of the essentials in this study.

“For the first time, this research has thoroughly analyzed and analyzed the optical section of the Sherwani treatise and has shown that, contrary to the previous notion, Ibn Hayath’s works were not ineffective in later periods, and clear examples are directly cited,” said Arezu Aqerloo, author of the dissertation. Among the most important findings of this study is the identification of the direct referral of Sherwani to a lesser -known treatise from Ibn Hahith, as a dream. This reference, which is seen in parts of the description, is one of the few well -known examples of the use of this work and has not yet attracted the attention of scholars in the history of science. “Thus, the present study has been able to introduce a new source of influence to the scientific community.”

“Other highlights in the Sherwani treatise are precise and loyal references to resources,” Aghlou added. Not only has he referred to Ibn Hahithm and his famous work, but he also mentioned other works of this scientist, such as Fi al -Zawa and Qiqi al -Zalal. In addition, he mentioned scholars such as Kamaluddin Farsi, Qotbuddin Shirazi, Sayyid Sharif Jarjani and the Neyshaburi Araj System and relevant sources with the author’s name, the title of the book and the chapter. “Such an approach, in addition to scientific value, reflects the traditional research among Iranian scholars who carefully imported scientific transfer.”