Everything about Trump’s plan; Ukraine’s hardest winter is coming

According to Isna, while the bloody war between Russia and Ukraine enters its fifth year, US President Donald Trump has started new efforts to end the crisis. He has admitted several times that he thought he could end the war quickly because of his close and friendly relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin, but he failed to achieve this goal.

However, one of Trump’s most recent efforts is the 28-point peace plan, which is presented as a proposed framework for a ceasefire and long-term resolution of the crisis. The plan, whose details were revealed in November 2025, includes “a combination of major concessions to Russia, security guarantees for Ukraine and geopolitical changes in Europe,” according to media reports. But this plan, which is said to have been developed without direct consultation with Ukraine and Europe, has serious opponents.

Where did the design idea come from?

The idea of ​​peace in Ukraine for Trump was formed during the 2024 election campaign. Trump has repeatedly claimed that if he were president, this war would not have happened. He claimed to be able to end the war in 24 hours, but so far he has not been able to. Trump previously proposed a 20-point plan for Gaza and pushed it forward, and now he is looking to copy this plan for Ukraine.

According to the Politico report, the 28-point peace plan was actually the result of secret negotiations between Trump’s special representative Steve Wittkoff and Kirill Dmitriev, Putin’s close adviser and head of the Russian Direct Investment Fund. These talks began in Miami in late October 2025 and lasted about a month, without official notification to Kiev or Washington’s European allies. According to reports, Witkoff developed this plan with the help of US Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Trump’s son-in-law Jared Kushner.

It was on Thursday that US Secretary of Defense Dan Driscoll personally presented this plan to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in Kiev. Threatening Kiev to cut off aid, Trump set the “Thanksgiving” deadline (November 27-December 6) to accept the general framework of the plan.

What are the provisions of the plan?

The 28-point plan is divided into four main categories: peace in Ukraine, security guarantees, European security, and future US-Russia-Ukraine relations. The full text of the plan was published by a Ukrainian opposition representative on Telegram and then circulated in the media.

1. Ukraine’s sovereignty is fully confirmed and guaranteed.
2. A comprehensive non-aggression pact between Russia, Ukraine and Europe will be signed; All ambiguities and disputes of the past 30 years are considered to be resolved once and for all.
3. It is expected that Russia will not attack the neighboring countries and NATO will not expand anymore.
4. The dialogue between Russia and NATO will be held with the mediation of the United States to solve all security issues and create a basis for reducing tension and economic cooperation.
5. Ukraine will receive valid security guarantees.
6. The maximum number of armed forces of Ukraine is set at 600,000.
7. Ukraine establishes in its constitution that it will not permanently join NATO; NATO also states in its documents that Ukraine will never be accepted.
8. NATO undertakes not to deploy any forces on the territory of Ukraine.
9. European fighters will be stationed in Poland.
10. America’s security guarantee is subject to:
• Charge for security guarantees
• If Ukraine attacks Russia, the guarantee will be canceled
• In case of Russia’s attack on Ukraine, all international sanctions will return and all privileges of this agreement will be canceled
• Unprovoked missile firing by Ukraine at Moscow or St. Petersburg is equivalent to the immediate cancellation of the guarantee

11. Ukraine is eligible for EU membership and will receive short-term preferential access to the European market pending a decision.
12. The large global package for the reconstruction of Ukraine includes: the Ukraine Development Fund, US cooperation in gas and infrastructure, mining, technology and artificial intelligence, and a special package from the World Bank.
13. Russia is re-entering the global economy, with the phase-out of sanctions, a long-term US-Russia economic cooperation agreement in energy, artificial intelligence, Arctic mining, and a re-invitation to the Group of Eight.
14. $100 billion of frozen Russian assets will be spent on rebuilding Ukraine; America gets 50% of its profit. Europe also adds 100 billion dollars. The rest of the assets are invested in the US-Russia joint fund.
15. The US-Russia joint security working group will be formed to monitor the implementation of the agreement.
16. Russia turns the policy of non-aggression into Europe and Ukraine into law.
17. America and Russia are renewing nuclear weapons control agreements, including START-1.
18. Ukraine officially remains a non-nuclear country.
19. The Zaporozhye power plant will be restarted under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency; Electricity is divided 50-50 between Russia and Ukraine.
20. Both countries implement educational programs for cultural adaptation and elimination of racism; Ukraine accepts EU rules on linguistic and religious minorities, and any Nazi ideology is banned.
21. Land condition:
• Crimea, Luhansk and Donetsk are recognized as de facto Russian (also recognized by America)
• Kherson and Zaporizhia remain on the current line of contact
• Russia will withdraw from other areas it controls outside of the five regions (Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhia) according to the agreement.
• Ukrainian forces are retreating from the part controlled by Donetsk; This area is recognized as a neutral civilian buffer zone and is declared to belong to the Russian Federation (Russian forces do not enter it).

22. After the final land agreement, no party has the right to change the borders by force; In case of violation, security guarantees will be revoked.
23. Russia does not prevent Ukraine’s commercial use of the Dnieper River and the export of grain from the Black Sea.
24. A humanitarian committee is formed for the complete exchange of prisoners and corpses, the return of children and assistance to victims.
25. Ukraine will hold elections within 100 days.
26. A full amnesty will be granted to all parties and no future legal or criminal claims will be entertained.
27. The agreement is legally binding, overseen by the “Peace Council” chaired by Donald Trump, and any violation faces immediate sanctions.
28. As soon as the memorandum of understanding is signed by all parties, an immediate ceasefire will be established and the forces will withdraw to the agreed points.

What is the reaction of Ukraine?

Zelensky, who previously rejected any territorial concessions, said in a video posted on Telegram on Thursday: “Ukraine is going through one of the most difficult moments in its history, either we lose our dignity or our key partner; Either 28 difficult cases or the most difficult winter we have had so far. However, he said that he will consult with Trump in the coming days and work on an “alternative proposal” with England, France and Germany.

“I will argue, I will persuade, I will offer alternative proposals, but in no way will I give the enemy an excuse to say that Ukraine does not want peace, that Ukraine is disrupting the process, or that Ukraine is not ready for diplomacy,” Zelenskiy continued.

“Rostem Umerov”, the former Minister of Defense of Ukraine and the country’s chief negotiator, also said that the technical teams are under investigation, but emphasized that “Ukraine’s position must be respected.”

Ukraine’s ambassador to the U.S., Olga Stephani, called the plan a “good start,” but opposition lawmakers like Oleksiy Goncharenko released the text of the plan to stoke public pressure.

A senior Ukrainian official told The Economist, “The US plan is worse than the Istanbul 2022 agreement, which was supposed to give less land to Russia, and is unworkable, at least for now.”

Europe’s sharp reaction

The Europeans, who help Ukraine more than 50 billion euros annually, were surprised and angry by Trump’s plan.

Kaya Callas, EU foreign policy official, said: “Regarding the peace plan that we know has been presented to President Zelensky, we have always said that any plan that wants to be successful must go forward with the cooperation of Ukraine and the Europeans. We support any plan that leads to a just and lasting peace in Ukraine. The pressure should be on the aggressor, not the victim. “Rewarding aggression only leads to more aggression.”

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has promised an “alternative proposal” to preserve Ukraine’s sovereignty.

Heads of European countries such as French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Olaf Schulz contacted Zelensky and issued a joint statement. This statement states that “Ukraine’s armed forces must remain ready to defend the sovereignty of this country.” “Any agreement requires the consensus of NATO and Europe.” They assured Zelenskiy of “full and unwavering support for a lasting and just peace.”

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban supported the plan and wrote: “If Trump was the president, the war would not have happened.”

But Polish and Baltic officials called it “encouragement for Putin’s next attack on NATO.”

“This plan takes us back to ground zero,” a European diplomat told CNN. “Inviting Russia to the Group of Eight is a betrayal of the victims of Crimea.”

European diplomats have said the plan is a recipe for forcing a “bad deal” on Ukraine. One of these diplomats has warned: “If Russia deviates from this path, the problem will not be only Ukraine; This means the possibility of more Russian attacks, even against EU and NATO member states.

A senior European official close to the plan’s review process also described it as merely a “list to please Putin” and said that Kiev was under pressure to accept the plan.

What do Trump and the Americans say?

The US president called his plan “powerful” and said in an interview with Fox News: “Ukraine has to agree to it by Thanksgiving, or the aid will be cut off. Next Thursday is the time, we think the timing is perfect. “Ukraine is losing territory and I am trying to end the conflict.”

In the White House on Friday night, Trump repeated the same words of the controversial meeting with Zelensky and said that the president of Ukraine has to accept the plan because he does not have a trump card.

White House spokeswoman Carolyn Levitt also defended her president’s plan and said: “This plan provides full guarantees for Ukraine, Europe and Russia. “Both sides get more than they give.”

Republican Senator Lindsey Graham said: “I don’t know what this plan is, but putting pressure on Kiev without consultation is wrong.”

Nebraska State Senator Pete Ricketts has warned that the plan is “Moscow-centric” and may lead to instability.

Trump, however, is insisting on “strong sanctions” against Russia until the plan is implemented, saying sanctions against Lukoil have significantly disrupted Russian oil exports.

What do the Russians say?

In the autumn cold of Moscow, however, there is a cautious green light from the Kremlin.

“This plan could be the basis of the final peace, but we haven’t worked out the details yet and we haven’t had a fundamental discussion,” Putin said on Friday. America has not yet been able to reach an agreement with the Ukrainian side, because Ukraine is against this plan.

The President of Russia once again stated that Russia has always declared its readiness for peaceful negotiations and resolving the crisis through diplomatic means, but said that this requires careful examination and serious dialogue about the proposed plan.

Russia is focused on “non-expansionism of NATO” as well as “removal of sanctions”.

What is waiting?

In the middle of the turn of events on the eastern and northern fronts of Ukraine in favor of Russia, the situation for Ukrainians has become more difficult than ever.

Trump’s 28-point plan has been defined by the Western media as “Kiev’s surrender” instead of a “just peace”. With Trump’s Thanksgiving deadline for approval, pressure on Zelensky has increased, but without fundamental changes to the plan, such as preserving Ukraine’s territorial integrity, Europe and Kyiv are unlikely to accept it. However, according to Zelenskiy, they are in a dilemma of difficult choice or losing America, but it has to be seen if the Europeans can continue the war alone in case of opposition.

Westerners say that this plan not only challenges the future of Ukraine, but also the security of NATO. Some have said that Trump wants to sacrifice Ukraine to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Russia has repeatedly emphasized that any peace plan must resolve the “roots of the crisis”, i.e. the recognition of occupied territories, the de-Nazification of Ukraine and the non-expansion of NATO.

The main question is how much Zelensky can resist, considering the situation in the field and the political situation.

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