Climate change in Iran; The alarm for water and environmental security of the country

According to RCO News Agency, Okjökull was the name of a refrigerator in Iceland, which was officially announced as the first lost glacier in the year. The refrigerator, part of the OK Mountain, was so small due to climate change and rising temperatures that no longer had the criteria for a refrigerator.

The initial area of ​​the refrigerator was about 2 square kilometers in the early twentieth century and is now almost completely destroyed. The reason for its destruction was announced by global warming and rising air temperatures.

In August, a symbolic memorial to the Okjökull Refrigerator was held in the Majlis “Funeral of Iceland’s first refrigerator” scientists, environmental activists and even the prime minister of Iceland, and a memorial plaque installed at the refrigerator. Written on this tablet:

“A letter to the future:
In the next five years, all our refrigerators will go the same way. The memorial confirms that we know what is happening and what to do. You (the next generation) are the only one you know if we did it or not. “

The ceremony was aimed at warning the world about the dangers of climate change and was a symbolic message for future generations. It was the first time in the world that the Funeral Majlis was held for a lost refrigerator!

The tablet became a symbol of the impact of climate change, and the number 2 ppm co₂ indicated the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the time, which crossed a dangerous threshold for global warming.

Iran, as one of the most vulnerable countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) against climate change, has undergone the effects of climate change, which primarily demonstrates its rainfall and temperature increase.

The country’s temperature can increase by year 2. Runaway changes in all basins will be reduced by year 3, and the highest percentage of runoff is related to Bandar Abbas-Sadij, Karkheh and Karun basins, respectively. In such circumstances, the possibility of severe droughts and severe floods increases; With the country’s two degrees of temperature rising, about 2 billion cubic meters of evaporation will increase and groundwater nutrition will be reduced by about 2 %, and ultimately drinking water in most metropolitan cities in the country will be difficult in the future.

Climate Change in Iran Due to its location in the middle latitude belt, environmental changes create significant challenges for Iran; More than 2 percent of Iran is classified as arid and semi -dry areas and annual rainfall is less than one -third of the global average (the average cumulative rainfall is about 2 mm).

According to the Majlis Research Center, the air temperature in Iran is still rising at an average of 2 to 5 degrees Celsius in the hot seasons, with recent reports that the Middle East and Iran have seen an average temperature of 0.5 ° C and a 5 % decrease in rainfall in the coming decades. Therefore, climate change in Iran and the Middle East is more severe than other parts of the world.

Analysis of the annual temperature average change shows that Iran will be heated more accelerated in the near future (until year 2) and one of the direct consequences of these climate change is the increase in UV (UV). Reducing cloud coating and increasing air temperature has increased the radiation of the sun’s harmful rays to the surface.

Iran was the eighth producer of greenhouse gases in the world, and water shortages, dust storms and air pollution are among the country’s most important environmental issues, often due to mismanagement as well as related to climate change.

This global trend of climate change and the increase in carbon footprints led to the “World Meteorological Day” on March 5. This day is named after the establishment of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in Year 2 and is an opportunity to raise public awareness of the importance of meteorological and its role in everyday life, safety and sustainable development.

To this end, the World Meteorological Organization sets up a special slogan for this day. For Year 2, the slogan of this day is “Oceans, Water and Climate”, which emphasizes the vital link between the oceans, the water cycle and climate change.

This day is important in several ways:

Predicting air condition and reducing natural hazards: Improved predictors to deal with natural disasters such as storms, floods and droughts.

Climate Change: Consciousness about the impact of climate change on human life and ecosystems.

Water Resource Management: The role of meteorological in better management of water resources, especially in areas that are faced with drought.

Aviation and Transport: Help flight safety and maritime transportation through more precise predictions.

The effects of climate change in Iran

Climate change in Iran has had many impacts on different aspects of life and the environment, including:

Increasing temperature and decreasing water resources: Global warming has led to an increase in temperature and a decrease in rainfall in many parts of Iran, leading to a shortage of water resources and frequent droughts.

Increased severe climate events: Climate change has increased the frequency and severity of climate events such as floods, dust storms and heat waves.

Impact on biodiversity: Changes in climate patterns can affect natural habitats and reduce biodiversity.

The Role of New Technologies in Predicting Air Status in Iran

Using advanced technologies can help improve meteorological forecasts and better resource management. For example, numerical prediction models such as WRF-CHEM have been used to simulate dust emission in the Middle East. In a study, using improved surface data, dust -prone areas have been identified and modeling that can help better manage dust phenomena.

Scientific journals such as climate change research examines the effects of climate change on different aspects of the environment and society. The journal is published in collaboration with the University of Golestan and the Institute of Climatic and Climate Sciences of Iceland and has presented numerous articles on climate change and its effects in Iran.

There have also been working groups to investigate the effects of climate change on society and families, especially women, to address the challenges of climate change by adopting preventive approaches.

Effective technologies in forecasting air conditioning and tackling climate change include a set of scientific methods and technological tools that help improve meteorological forecasts, managing climate crises and reducing the impact of climate change. Some of the most important of these technologies are:

1. Artificial intelligence and machine learning

Advanced prediction models: Machine learning algorithms such as artificial neural networks (ANN) and canaloshot neural networks (CNNs) are used to analyze a large volume of meteorological data.

Satellite data processing: Artificial intelligence technologies can analyze remote sensing data and identify climate change patterns.

Numerical Models Optimization: Crime forecast models such as WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) are optimized with artificial intelligence to increase prediction accuracy.

2. Satellite

Meteorological satellites: Like Noaa, meteosat, GOES and Iranian satellites such as Khayyam play a key role in observing climate change.

Lidar Technology (Lidar): It is used to measure the amount of particulate matter in the air and check the quality of the air.

Heat Image Analysis: This technology helps to identify earth’s heat patterns and temperature changes.

1. Internet of Things (IoT) and smart sensors

Automatic Meteorological Stations: Using IoT sensors, atmospheric data is collected and analyzed for a moment.

Sensor networks in sensitive areas: It is used to observe precipitation, drought, surface temperature and seawater level.

1. Superconductor

More detailed simulations: Supercarriage is capable of processing billions of atmospheric data in the moment and providing more accurate predictions.

Faster access to climate data: The use of cloud computing allows scientists and meteorological organizations to process data distributed.

1. Drones and drones

Collecting atmospheric data: UAVs are used to sampled barley, temperature measurement, humidity and dust.

Monitoring of the impassable areas: They are useful for examining climate change in poles, forests and oceans.

1. Climate Engineering Technologies (GeoenGineering)

Synthetic superconducting (cloud seeding): It is used to increase rainfall in arid areas and reduce drought effects.

Management of Solar Radiation (SRM): Includes methods to reflect more sunlight and reduce global warming.

1. Big Data Analytics Climate Models

Analysis of past data to predict future: Data -based models are used to identify long -term climate change trends.

Integration of remote sensing, IoT, and numerical forecasts to provide comprehensive analysis.

Challenges in the direction of using meteorological technologies in Iran

In Iran, the development of meteorological technologies has been taken into consideration with the aim of improving atmospheric forecasts and better management of natural resources. However, there are also challenges in this direction.

1. Satellite meteorology

The Iranian Space Agency has identified satellite meteorological as one of its priorities for supporting modern businesses. Using satellite data, continuous monitoring of the atmospheric status is provided, which is used in areas such as agriculture, crisis management, air pollution monitoring and atmospheric forecasts.

2. Aerospace technologies

Aerospace technologies, including the design, construction and maintenance of air and space vehicles, play an important role in improving atmospheric forecasts and climatic studies. These technologies allow atmospheric data to collect from different atmospheric layers that are used for more accurate modeling.

Despite the progress, there are also challenges in the Iranian meteorological field. For example, the gap between meteorological stations in Iran is about 2 kilometers, while in developed countries this distance is 2 kilometers. This can have a negative impact on the accuracy of atmospheric forecasts.

Climate change is no longer a distant threat, but a reality that we see its effects around the world, from Iceland’s glaciers to severe droughts in Iran. World Meteorological Day is an opportunity to highlight the importance of meteorological science and its role in understanding, predicting and confronting this global crisis. While new technologies and scientific data can help reduce the effects of climate change, these efforts will not be enough without changing the policies, lifestyle and global approaches. Now is the time for governments, researchers, and the public to act together for a more sustainable future.

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