Thirteen Badr: From the history of thirteen Badr to the strange superstitions!

The 13th day of the day in the Iranian calendar is known as a symbol of the end of the official Nowruz celebrations and the beginning of the new season in the nature cycle. This day for Iranians has always been accompanied by a unique and unique set of customs. This day is a great opportunity for family and friendly duals in the heart of pristine nature and enjoying the moments of joy and joy together and even buying Eid for the kids.

History of the 13th Badr celebration

The celebration of the thirteenth Badr, one of the long -standing Iranian traditions, has always had a special place for Iranians throughout history. However, the exact time of the emergence of this tradition has some ambiguities. In ancient Iran, the thirteenth day of the Zoroastrian calendar was dedicated to the goddess or tishter (goddess of rain and guardian).

During the drought, our ancestors took refuge in nature on April 13 and performed special rituals for the victory of the rain of the drought and whispering prayer. During the Sassanid period, this custom began at the Imperial Court and continued for six days. At this time, people were traveling in gardens and gardens and singing and singing. During this period, vegetable planting was also common, and people believed that by planting vegetables, they would help the vegetables grow earlier. Also, this was a reminder of Siavash’s (vegetable god).

In the architecture of the old houses, the ceiling symbol of the sky was the flat floor symbolizing the earth, and the planting of vegetables in the house was a symbol of heavenly and earthly bonds. During the Qajar period, thirteen Badr became a public celebration, and all the people in the open spaces were happily. Families went to nature with their samovars and foods, and with certain foods, including lettuce and ash.

What does Thirteen Badr mean?

However, many believe that thirteen Badr means thirty -thirteen. But the study of Persian dictionaries shows that the word “door” can stand for the valley and plain or meaning side and side; Therefore, it can be concluded that the main meaning of the thirteenth is the day of the thirteenth day in nature.

The Philosophy of the 13th Badr Celebration in Ancient Iran

In the ancient Iranian tradition, thirteen Badr was a celebration to commemorate the victory of the god of rain over the drought Dave. After twelve days of celebration of Nowruz on the thirteenth day of the god of rain, arrow, or downtrome, they would go to the plains and desert, and with joy and dance, they asked God to rain.

Prayer for rain was rooted in the ancient Iranian beliefs before Zoroastrianism, and the aim was to win the god of rain over the new year. The ancient Iranians respected the beauties and wonders of spring by going to nature in Sizdeh. The belief in the world’s twelve -year -old life in Iranian myths is another reason for the celebration of the thirteenth Badr. According to these myths, after twelve thousand years, the material world ends and man returns to his eternal position. Therefore, the first twelve days of the year are a symbol of the life of the world and the 13th day, a symbol of liberation from the material world and returning to the spiritual world.

For this reason, people go to nature on this day and celebrate the thirteenth day with joy and joy. Also, on this day, the greenery of the Nowruz table is put on the running water and prayed for a blessed year.

Why is Thirteen Badr imagined?

Some people believe that the number is thirteen, and this belief has led to the thirteenth day of April, or thirteen, as Badr. Of course, there is no definite reason for this number and this day, and the root of this belief among Iranians can be related to various factors. Some believe that after the arrival of Islam in Iran, the influence of the Arabs, who considered the number thirteen in all lunar months, was also mistakenly attributed to the 13th day of Nowruz.

Another group of scholars see Iranians’ relationship with Christians in the Safavid era as the cause of the conveyance of the numbers of thirteen to Iranian culture. In Christian culture, this belief goes back to the story of the Jewish Jewish (one of the apostles of Jesus), who, by his betrayal, arrested and crucified him. Since Judah joined the twelve students, they reached thirteen, this number is considered among Christians.

Also, some refer to the indivisible properties of the thirteen in mathematics and see it as a reason for the numbers. But in ancient Iran, the people did not believe in, and they saw thirteen Badr as a haunting and a symbol of victory and sanctification.

In ancient Iran, is it sacred or sacred?

Among the various beliefs, the question is whether the thirteenth of Badr in ancient Iranian culture was a day or a sacred day? While in many cultures, thirteen numbers are known as a symbol of evil, some believe that the ancient Iranians also had such an idea. For this reason, on the 13th of April, leaving the house, they intended to get rid of the evil and the masses. But with a closer look at the culture and beliefs of ancient Iranians, it can be seen that this notion is not in line with reality.

۱ ؛ ؛ Holy or sacred?

Contrary to popular belief, in ancient Iranian culture, the number 13 was not only unclean, but it was a symbol of crossing from stage to new and more transcendent. In the Zoroastrian intellectual system, the number of 12 is a symbol of cosmic evolution and balance, and the number 13 is the number that breaks this balance and begins a new period. In other words, the number 13 is a symbol of transformation, renewal, and step towards a higher perfection.

The method of celebrating the 13th Badr in ancient Iran

In ancient Iran, when the thirteenth day of April came, it was as if the second half of the agricultural year began in the land of Iran. On this day, our ancestors would go to the lush plains and farms with a good hope for Sally Nick to pray for the rain. Among the flowers and desert plants, the sound of joy and songs was heard, and the people were gathering fresh vegetables and cooking special foods and foods with them. In addition to these joyful rituals, there were also beliefs that were tied to fate and fate. Falling, knitting the vegetable to fulfill the dreams and rituals of the fortune are examples of these beliefs.

Nodded; Hope for happiness and marriage

One of the interesting rituals of the thirteenth Badr is the knot of the brunette by young girls and boys. The root of this custom, which is still popular among Iranians, goes back to the ancient Iranian beliefs about nature and living forces. According to Zoroastrians, the vegetable is a symbol of life and fertility. For this reason, knitting the brunette and dreaming is a kind of prayer to nature to bring happiness and fortune.

Why should we go out thirteen?

People’s behavior on the 13th day of Badr, especially to go to nature, has long been of interest. Why the Iranians leave their homes on this day is rooted in ancient beliefs and traditions. This can be explored from different angles:

1. Link to nature and the end of Nowruz celebrations

In the distant past, Nowruz was a 12 -day celebration, and on the 13th was the official end of the celebration. On this day, people were present in nature to showcase a covenant with the earth and its blessings. This was a symbol of the appreciation of nature and the beginning of a new year with positive energies.

2. Nucleus

Some beliefs suggest that the number 13 was considered to be in the past. For this reason, the Iranians spent the thirteenth day in nature to abandon its negative energy. This was a kind of liberation from negative energies and a space for positive energies.

1. Respect for the four elements (water, wind, soil, fire)

In Zoroastrianism, the quadruple water, wind, soil and fire were of particular importance. By attending nature on the 13th day of Badr, people respected these elements and reinforced their relationship with them. This was a symbol of peaceful coexistence with nature and appreciating its blessings.

1. A symbol of liberation and freedom

Thirteen Badr is an opportunity to get rid of traditional structures and restrictions on everyday life. People on this day, regardless of their concerns and responsibilities, deal with happiness, playing and communicating with others. This is a kind of renewal and a space for peace and vitality.

What is the 13th Badr ritual in Iran?

Thirteen Badr, beyond simple circulation, is a set of long -standing traditions and rituals held in Iran in a variety of ways. On this day, people are welcoming spring and revitalizing the earth as they go to nature. One of the most important Iranian customs on the 13th day of Badr is the following:

1. Going to nature and setting up an outdoor celebration

One of the main traditions of Sizdeh Badr is to seek refuge in nature. In the morning, people move to parks, forests, mountains, rivers and gardens around the city to spend this day with their family and friends. They take a variety of foods with them, make local cuisine, and play in a space full of joy and joy.

2. The brunette nodes; Wishing you happiness and marriage

The grassland of the vegetable is one of the well -known traditions of Sizdeh Badr, especially among young people. Young girls and boys wish to be happily and marry when knotted, whispering the phrase: “Thirteen Badr, another year, husband’s house!” This custom is based on the belief that knotting the brunette opens the node of fortune and fulfills the dreams.

1. Release the vegetable in the water in thirteen Badr

After 12 days of keeping the Nowruz vegetables, on the thirteenth day of Badr, people will put the vegetables into the water. This is a symbol of abandonment of evil, illnesses, and illnesses to nature and a productive and happy year’s demand.

1. Eat lettuce and piners in thirteen Badr

In many parts of Iran, eating lettuce and cranberries is one of the oldest traditions of Badr. This food helps to cool the body after eating fatty and sweet Nowruz foods and is a symbol of body cleansing and health.

1. Throwing the head of the head; Goodbye to the bad

In some areas, especially in the villages, people throw the stone behind themselves to get rid of disasters and disasters. This custom is rooted in the ancient beliefs of Iranians who saw the 13th day of the year as the day of liberation from the past and the readiness for the new year.

1. Traditional games and group entertainment

In the past, traditional games such as ropes, Haftsng, Alekdolk, and the segregation were inseparable. These games strengthened social relationships, creation of vitality and avoidance of negative energies.

1. Lies thirteen; Iranian version of April 1

The thirteen lies are one of the interesting traditions of Sizdeh Badr, which has similarities to the “April 1 lies” in Western culture. On this day, people say harmless and funny lies to create moments of joy. This custom is also rooted in the Iranians’ desire for joy and humor on this day.

Different narratives in Badr

Looking at history, we find that the Iranians have long been a follower of Zoroastrianism. In this ritual, which is based on goodness and purity, there is no place in evil and unhappy. But over time and the arrival of other cultures, especially after the Achaemenid era, new beliefs in Iranian culture have infiltrated. Here are some of the famous and audible stories, some of which are sacred and others are on April 13. These stories are:

1. Thirteen Badr in Shahnameh

Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh (the great and eternal work of Persian literature) is a valuable treasure of ancient Iranian symbols and rituals. Although this epic work does not directly mention the celebration of the Thirteen Badr, there are traces of elements related to this day, such as nature praise, the belief in the thirteenth number, and the Nowruz rituals in the stories and myths.

One of the most important things that can be linked to the thirteenth Badr in the Shahnameh is the story of Jamshid and Nowruz. According to Iranian myths, Jamshid was the King of Farahmand, who founded Nowruz and called on people to joy and dance. Ancient narratives say that after 12 days of celebration, on the thirteenth day, people would leave the houses and seek refuge in nature to finish the Nowruz celebration there.

On the other hand, the Shahnameh reflects the ancient Iranian beliefs about the number 13. The story of Siavash, a pure prince who, at the height of glory, victims of conspiracies and malice, can be a symbol of this belief. Siavash, at the moment his life is in danger, leaves the city and takes refuge in nature, but eventually his fate is destiny. This story can evoke the beliefs of ancient Iranians about the passage of number 13 and the liberation from its abnormalities.

2. Thirteen Badr, in ancient Iran and the Sassanid period

What is clear from the historical texts and inscriptions of ancient times was the celebration of the thirteenth Badr in the Sassanid period, a magnificent and magnificent glory. The celebration began at the king’s court and continued for six days, from the 13th to April 18th. During this time, people from all strata could participate in a variety of celebrations and celebrations throughout the country.

Various plays, music and ritual dances, traditional cuisine and nature praise were among the ancient celebrations. Although the formation of the 13th Badr ceremony has undergone changes over time, the principle of this celebration in nature has been preserved in a group, from ancient times to the present day.

1. Myths related to thirteen to

There are various traditions and legends about the origin and emergence of the 13th Badr celebration. Although there is no reliable source to prove these narratives, these myths reflect the beliefs and beliefs of the ancient Iranian people about this particular day.

One of the most common legends refers to the victory of the god of rain over the drought on April 13th. According to this belief, on this day, the goddess of the rain overcome the drought demons again water and prosper, and people seek refuge in nature and celebrate and celebrate this divine blessing. Another legend also refers to Siavash (the goddess of plants). According to this narrative, after his death, Siavash goes back into the form of a plant and gives a new life to nature. People also celebrate Siavash’s rebirth and the greenery of the Earth on the 13th of April.

In all these myths, there is a common sense, the praise of nature and the gratitude of God for the blessings of rain and greenery. People have been praying for rain for a long time, or thank God for the spring and greenery of nature.

1. The story of the Jews and the 2 Badr

There is a narrative about the day of the Thirteenth Badr Day that brings the foot of the kingdom and other ritual followers. Khashayarshah (son of Darius the Great) had a different personality with his father and, after a campaign to Greece, began to enjoy and entertain. In one of the celebrations, he forced his wife (Veti) to a shameful act. But it was a self -sacrificing woman who refused to do so and aroused the king’s anger.

This provided an opportunity for Mordecai (Jewish close to the court) to introduce his nephew (Hedesh) as the new wife of the Shah. Hedesa, later known as Esther, fascinated the Shah with a subtlety and storytelling and gained a great deal of influence in the court.

Over time, Esther used his influence to appoint Jews in important government positions. Haman (Minister of Qussein Khashayarshah) suspected this process and, after reviewing, he noticed conspiracy Esther and Mordecai. Haman informed the Shah of the story, but Esther was subtle and deceitful, and the king’s execution and freedom of the Jews.

Following the incident, the Jews attacked the Iranian homes and killed a large killing. Different narratives estimate the number of killed between seventy to one hundred thousand. Meanwhile, the Achaemenid court paid for the reconstruction of the Jewish temple for years from the Iranian people’s taxation.

According to this narrative, the Iranians have sought refuge in nature from then on April 13 to avoid danger. The Jews also hold a celebration called Purim on this day and set fire to Haman. This story, known among the Jews, has received less attention among Iranians.

Are there any other cultures in other cultures?

There are also celebrations similar to Thirteen Badr in other cultures. As for example:

• In China: People celebrate Qing Ming in the spring, which includes visiting ancestors’ tombs and spending time in nature.
• In Europe: Celebrations related to the beginning of spring, such as May Day celebrations in the UK and other countries, are dedicated to nature tourism and celebrations.
• In America: A ceremony such as Earth Day encourages people to spend time in nature and protect the environment.

Thirteen Badr: Formal on the bent of the story and superstition and respect for nature

As one of the most important and popular Nowruz rituals in Iran, thirteen Badr is not only a symbol of Iranian connection with nature and life, but also a manifestation of social and religious values. This ancient tradition, with its long -standing roots in the history and myths of Iran, has undergone many changes over the centuries, but still as one of the main pillars of Nowruz celebrations in Iran and is in the hearts of the people of this land.

A deeper understanding of the roots, philosophy and facts behind this valuable tradition can help us better understand our cultural and historical values ​​and be diligent in preserving, preserving and transferring them to future generations. Thirteen Badr is an opportunity to reflect on nature, a treaty with human and cultural values ​​as well as strengthening social ties. Let’s help preserve this precious legacy to future generations by protecting this valuable tradition.