France; The second supplier of weapons to the Iraqi Baath regime/ the spying of the French embassy in Tehran for Saddam – Mehr News Agency | RCO News Agency

Mehr News Agency, International group, Elnaz Rahmat Nejad: The Iran-Iraq war is one of the biggest and longest wars of the 20th century, which started with the instigation of the West and the action of the Iraqi government, and ended with the direct and indirect entry of big and small powers from both the Western and Eastern blocs.

In the mentioned war, which occurred in the bipolar structure of the international system, global regional and extra-regional powers played a role. France was among the trans-regional powers that played an active and aggressive interventionist role in this war, like America, England and Germany. With the start of Iraq’s imposed war against Iran, France was in a dilemma. This confrontation was summed up in how France can maintain its arms sales and industrial cooperation with Iraq, without losing Iran? It was difficult for Paris to give up Baghdad because it had important economic and industrial interests there. However, the French authorities were worried that their all-round and clear support for Iraq would oblige Iran to react violently against them.

At the same time as the 44th anniversary of the Holy Defense Week, by opening the file “The Role of the West in the Imposed War”, we investigated and reviewed the role of Western countries in prolonging the imposed war of Iraq against Iran. The first and second parts of the report of this case are devoted to the investigation and review of the active and aggressive interventionist role of the United States and England, which can be read and reviewed from the following link:

“America did something for Saddam Hussein that it did not do for its allies”

“England’s bold role in equipping the Baathist army with chemical weapons”

“The Germans were happy to give “mustard gas” to “Saddam” / Berlin supplies Iraqi missile technology”

In the fourth and final part of the mentioned case, the investigation and review of the active and aggressive interventionist role of France has been discussed. detailed It follows this report;

Establishing the headquarters of the hypocrites in France and sending the members of the headquarters to Iraq

At the same time as the early years of the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the beginning of the imposed war, France sheltered the hypocrites who had no legitimacy and acceptance in Iran. In fact, France considered a base for the organization of the hypocrites and provided the possibility of their transfer to Iraq. The headquarters of the hypocrites in France transferred the members of this organization from all over the world to Iraq in order to organize there.

During the eight years of holy defense, the hypocrites took part in various operations under the cover of Iraqi forces against Iranian warriors, and at the end of the war, they attacked Iran significantly in the form of operations such as Chihlcharagh and Forough Javidan.

France; The second category is “weapons sellers” to the Iraqi Baath regime

Due to the high volume of military aid and equipment sales to Iraq during the country’s imposed war against Iran, France took the second rank of arms sellers to Iraq after the Soviet Union.

France signed a contract for the sale of 133 Mirage F1 aircraft between 1978 and 1987 with Iraq, and at the end of the war, it provided Iraq with several super standard warplanes equipped with exhaust missiles, which were effective for the Iraqis in the tanker war. , because handing over these French planes greatly increased the operational range and precision of the Baathist air force in the Persian Gulf.

During the war imposed by Iraq against Iran, French military experts were sent to this country to help the Iraqi military, including the presence of 47 pilots and technical crews for the training of the Baathists.

Spying on the French embassy in Tehran for Saddam

Referring to documents obtained from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Defense and Military Industries, Intelligence and the Prime Minister’s Office of Saddam’s regime, Dr. Al-Janabi, one of the Iraqi researchers and historians, said: “The French were spying for Saddam through their embassy in Tehran. In this connection, they also cooperated with the criminal agents of Masoud Rajavi’s terrorist group, and sometimes they used some European and African diplomats living in Tehran in a limited way in these actions.

According to Dr. Al-Janabi, in the reports sent from Tehran to the Iraqis, the method of providing aid to the fronts, the dispatch of troops, the psychological atmosphere of the cities under Iranian fire, and even the medical and relief conditions of Iran’s hospitals were mentioned. In one of the reports related to the bombing of the Isfahan refinery in late November 1365, it is stated: “The early morning attack by Iraqi planes on the refinery that kills the Abadan refinery to supply fuel to Iran has been very successful, even the balloons diverting the aircraft’s navigation system have not been able to disrupt it. The lightning strike of the Iraqi planes hit the refinery’s steam water tank, and some other parts of the refinery, where smoke could be seen from a distance for several hours, were also seriously damaged.

In other reports about the ground wars in the south of the Iran-Iraq war, the French embassy wrote: “Although the Iranians act slowly and are limited in their weapons and military tactics due to structural problems, they hope to gain a foothold by capturing Faw and Majnoon strategic islands. has made the battles closer to the gates of Basra and Al-Amara.”

French intelligence assistance to the Saddam regime

Due to his deep friendship with “Jacques Chirac” and special relations with French arms companies, especially “Dausberghe” company, as well as paying bribes to members of Mitterrand’s government and some senior French military and arms dealers of this country, Saddam had the opportunity to Apart from having access to the ultra-modern weapons of France, he should also use the espionage facilities of this country’s embassy in Tehran.

In a report that the hypocrites also confirm, the French inform the Iraqi authorities at the end of the Iraq war against Iran that the level of training of the Iranian military forces has decreased. The French also cite reasons for this claim and also emphasize that the closer we get to the end of the war, the power of the Iranian Air Force will weaken against the Iraqi Air Force. So that the novice Iraqi pilots also find the opportunity of the Golan in the depth of the Iranian soil.

The French embassy gave Iraqis the statistics of funerals and burials of Iranian soldiers and determined it as a measure of their losses in the war with Iraq. While the French could not hide their happiness over Iran’s defeat in the “Karbala 4” operation, the sudden start of the “Karbala 5” operation and the break of the Baathist enemy against the Iranian fighters in Shalamcheh and east of Basra shocked them.

The French believe that Iran’s military movement in the east of Basra is more than a military tactic and strategy. While the Iraqis were sure of the fortification of their defense lines, they have been attacked by surprise, and despite the use of prohibited weapons by Saddam’s regime, the fighting is going on in favor of the Iranians.

The French Embassy in Baghdad, in its reports and visits in Baghdad, reports on “Karbala 5” as follows: “In Iraq, with the start of Iran’s new operation (Karbala 5), ​​the situation is different. Saddam and his people are terrified. He has personally gone to the Sheraton Hotel in Basra and his generals have gathered around him. Hosni Mubarak, the President of the Republic of Egypt and King Hussein of Jordan are ready to go to Iraq in solidarity with Saddam, an extraordinary meeting of Arabs is going to be held in the Maghreb to support Saddam and prevent Saddam’s fall.

Saddam sent special couriers to some Arab countries. He has asked the Arab countries for money, ammunition and even forces, and he has asked the political organizations of all the Arab countries to increase the pressure on Iran in international forums. Saddam emphasized to them that the Iraqi soldiers are the shield of the Arab nation and he can no longer kill all the Arabs against the attacks of Iran and the Islamic Revolution. Saddam had clearly told them that if the process of Iranian attacks on the fall of Iraq’s oil sensitive areas in the south of this country with a unified Shiite population, consider the work done for Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. He has gained important points by scaring the Kuwaitis and Saudis. “Kuwait has paid the advance payment for T-72 tanks immediately.”

The strained relations between France and Iran; Anti-revolution rally in France and supporting Saddam

Examining various aspects of the eight-year Iran-Iraq war, the reasons for its occurrence, and the positions of Western countries towards this war are very important. Examining the factors and positions of the governments, especially the big powers, can be effective in determining the direction of our country’s foreign policy in the future.

seriously the most And the most important periods of relations between Iran and France go back to the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution. The presence of Imam Khomeini (RA) in Nofel Loshato and the way of freedom conservative French government b cause That country became the platform of guidance and leadership of the Iranian revolution. Within a few months, Imam Rahel’s residence became an important news and political center in the world. Also, the French government, which predicted the fall of the Shah’s regime, did not prevent the activities of the opponents of the Shah’s regime in this country. After participating in the “Guadeloupe” conference on January 5, 1979, Giscardsten announced: “There is no hope for the survival of the Pahlavi regime, and the Shah must submit to the opinions of the leaders of the revolution.” For this reason, the position of France in the opinion The public opinion of the Iranian people increased and the credibility of international That country was also strengthened, and on the other hand, a kind of moral relationship between the two nations of Iran and France was created.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, political relations between the two countries were established at the embassy level, and the Islamic Republic of Iran sent its first ambassador, Shamsuddin Amiralaei, to France.

France’s support of counter-revolutionary agents in this country caused the relations between the two countries to decline to the level of business in July 1359. On the other hand, the decision of the Revolutionary Council to nationalize a major part of the industries, which were sometimes established with foreign capital, provoked the opposition and reaction of the French economic circles. The Iranian government unilaterally canceled many contracts in the fields of nuclear equipment, heavy industry, passenger cars and agricultural exchanges with France, and some French companies that were affected by this action filed a complaint to the courts of this country.

The positions of the French government towards our country after being aware of the new revolutionary foreign policy of the Islamic Republic regarding the complete and unconditional rejection of the dominance of America and its allies over the country, relying on the slogan of neither East nor West, supporting Islamic movements and liberating nations and friendship It underwent changes with oppressed nations. Although France’s short hosting of the Imam (RA) in the final months of the Pahlavi regime could have been the foundation for friendly and different relations between Iran and other western countries, but France’s policy during the imposed war and the country’s support for Saddam from the beginning of the war and The gathering of anti-revolutionary forces in France made the relations between the two countries dark and on a different path.